On Proximity Measures for Graph Vertices

We study the properties of several proximity measures for the vertices of weighted multigraphs and multidigraphs. Unlike the classical distance for the vertices of connected graphs, these proximity measures are applicable to weighted structures and take into account not only the shortest, but also all other connections, which is desirable in many applications. To apply these proximity measures to unweighted structures, every edge should be assigned the same weight which determines the proportion of taking account of two routes, from which one is one edge longer than the other. A topological interpretation is obtained for the Moore–Penrose generalized inverse of the Laplacian matrix of a weighted multigraph.